Nhau - Mvura Mutsime Drilling Rig Principle

A mvura tsime yekuchera rig muchinaimhando yemichina yeinjiniya inowanzoshandiswa pakuvandudza zviwanikwa zvemvura yepasi pevhu. Inochera nekuchera matsime pasi pevhu kuburikidza nemapombi ekuchera uye mabhiti ekuboorera. Iyo musimboti wemvura yemvura yekuchera rig muchina inonyanya kusanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:

1.Drill pombi uye drill bit
Zvinhu zvakakosha zve amvura tsime yekuchera rig muchinandiyo pombi yokubooresa uye chibooreso. Pombi yekubooresa inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakawanda zvepombi yekuboorera iyo yakarukwa pamwechete kuti iite pombi yekuboora refu uye yakasimba. Madhiri maturusi anoshandiswa kuchera matsime nematombo epasi pevhu. Izvo zvinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi alloys uye zvine kuoma kwakasimba uye kupfeka kusagadzikana.

2. Drill pombi inotumira simba
Themvura tsime yekuchera rig muchinainotumira simba kuburikidza nepombi yekuchera uye inotumira simba kubva kune simba sosi (kazhinji injini yedhiziri) kuenda kune yekubooresa kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuchera. Nzira yekufambisa yepombi yekuboorera kazhinji kuburikidza neketani kana giya rekufambisa, iro rinoshandura simba rekutenderera reinjini kuita simba rekutenderera repombi yekuchera.

3.Drilling fluid
Drilling fluid chinhu chakakosha uye chakakosha chikamu chekuchera tsime remvuraprocess. Inonyanya kuita basa rekutonhodza chibooreso, kuchenesa tsime uye kubvisa zvicherwa zvekuchera. Mvura yekucheresa inopombwa mupombi yekuchera yozopfapfaidzwa neburi mupombi yekucheresa kutonhodza chibooro uye kuchenesa tsime. Zvinwiwa zvinowanzoshandiswa pakuchera zvinosanganisira madhaka nemvura. Madhaka kazhinji musanganiswa wevhu, mvura uye makemikari additives.

4.Drilling process
Nzira yekuchera amvura tsime yekuchera rig muchinainowanzokamurwa kuita nhanho mbiri: kuchera uye casing. Danho rekucheresa (drilling stage) rinoreva maitirwo ekuchera matsime pachishandiswa mapaipi nemadhiri. Nekuenderera mberi nekutenderedza pombi yekuboorera uye bhiti rekubooresa, pombi yekubooresa uye bhiti rekubooresa zvinoboorwa mukati medombo repasi pevhu. Panguva yekuchera, mvura yekuchera inoramba ichibaiwa mugomba kuti itonhodze chibhorani uye kuchenesa tsime. Danho remugodhi (casing stage) rinoreva kutumira chivharo mugomba retsime nechikamu mushure mekuboora kusvika pakadzama kuti tisimbise mudhuri wetsime uye kudzivirira madziro etsime kuti asadonha.

5. Wellbore management
Mukuita kwekuchera tsime remvura, wellbore management chinhu chakakosha chinongedzo. Wellbore management inonyanya kusanganisa dhayamita yetsime, kuchenesa madziro nekusimbisa, nezvimwewo Panguva yekuchera, zvakakosha kusarudza zvine musoro dhayamita yetsime zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvakasiyana zvekuchera uye mamiriro epasi pevhu, uye kuchengetedza madziro emutsime akachena uye akagadzikana kuburikidza nekutonhodza uye. kuchenesa kwemvura yekuchera.

6.Drilling kudzika uye nekukurumidza
Kudzika kwekuchera nekumhanya kweatsime rekuchera mvurazviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuchera zvakanaka. Kudzika kwekuchera kunowanzotariswa nehurefu hwepombi yekuchera uye dhayamita yetsime, nepo kumhanya kwekuchera kunokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita sepasi pevhu geological mamiriro, chimiro chepombi yekuchera, uye dhiri bhiti kuita. Kuti uwedzere kudzika kwekuchera nekumhanya, unofanirwa kusarudza mapombi ekuchera akakodzera uye mabhiti ekuchera, uye zvine musoro gadzirisa maparamendi ekuchera, senge kumhanya kwekutenderera, chiyero chekudya, nezvimwe.

Kupfupisa, nheyo dzemichina yekuchera matsime yemvurakunyanya zvinosanganisira pombi yekuchera uye chidimbu chekuchera, pombi yekuchera inotumira simba rekuchera mvura, nzira yekuchera, tsime rekutonga, nekudzika kwekuchera nekumhanya. Nekushandisa zvine hungwaru misimboti iyi, michina yekuchera matsime emvura inogona kunyatso kuchera zvakanaka uye kutonga kwematsime.